Ngā Kūaha Paheke, Ngā Kūaha Whakapiko rānei. Ko tēhea Kōwhiringa ka Penapena i te Wāhi Nui i ngā Whare Iti?

Ina he iti te wāhi mō ngā whare me ngā pakihi e wātea ana mō ngā kaihanga me ngā kaihanga, ka pā tika te kōwhiringa o te tatau ki te whānuitanga o te papa e taea ana te whakamahi. He pai ake ngā tatau takai maha-papa ki te penapena wāhi i ngā pūnaha reti tuku iho nā te mea ka taea te takai i ngā papa ki ngā puranga iti hei whakawātea i ngā whakatuwheratanga. He rerekē tēnei ki ngā ara reti, e noho ana i te wāhi pakitara, ā, e ārai ana i ngā ara.

He tino pai ēnei mō te whakamahi pai i te wāhi e whakamahia ana, me te tutuki hoki i ngā paerewa teitei mō te mahi wera me te haruru e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā whare hou, nā te mea ka taea e rātou te pupuri i te 4–10 ngā panera whakarite me ngā pūtu taumaha me ngā kōtaha konumohe kua whakapakaritia. Ka whakaarohia e tēnei whakatairite ngā āhuatanga hoko nui mō ngā tohunga e titiro ana ki ngā pūnaha tatau mō ngā āhuatanga wāhi iti.

Te Mārama ki ngā Tatau Reti me ngā Tatau Whakapiko Maha-Panel

Rerekētanga Hanganga Matua

Ka whakamahia e ngā tatau reti ngā pūnaha ara whakapae hei neke i ngā panera i te rārangi tika i te taha o ngā pakitara, ka waiho he āputa i waenganui i a rātou. Ka taea e te nuinga o ngā pūnaha te whakauru i waenga i te 2 me te 4 ngā panera, he mea pumau, he mea hanga rānei i roto i te āhua pōke. Ko ngā panera he mea hanga i te konumohe, i te rakau hiato, i te karāhe katoa rānei. Ko te taumaha o ngā panera he 40 me te 80 kg te nuinga, ā, ka tautokona e ngā pūnaha ara hurihuri-raro, e whakairi-runga rānei.

He rerekē ngā pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa nā te mea he rōpū papa nekeneke kei roto, ka takai pērā i te akotiona. E rua noa ngā papa e taea ai te whakamahi i ngā hoahoa takai rua, engari ko ngā whirihoranga papa maha-papa ka taea te whakamahi i waenga i te whā ki te tekau ngā papa e honoa ana, e puritia ana hoki e ngā pūnaha ara whakairi-runga taumaha.

He mea hanga ia panera hei pupuri i te taumaha 120–150 kg, ā, he inihi ā-ahumahi me ngā roera tika e taea ai te whakahaere maeneene i runga i ngā whānuitanga neke atu i te 10 mita. Mā ngā kōtaha konumohe matotoru me ngā āputa wera ka mau te hanganga kia kaha mō ngā whakatuwheratanga nui, ā, ka taea te whakauru i ngā waeine karaihe takirua, takitoru rānei he 24 ki te 36 mm te matotoru.

Ngā Whakaaro Rauemi me ngā Whakaaro Mīhini

Ka pā te whiriwhiri rauemi ki ngā inenga mahi me te roa, he mea nui ēnei mō te hokohoko pakihi-iwi. Ko ngā pūnaha konumohe te mea tino noa i roto i ngā horopaki pakihi nā te mea kāore e waikura, he iti noa te tiaki e hiahiatia ana, ā, kei roto hoki he paninga paura, he paninga ā-anodize rānei hei whakarerekē i tō rātou āhua.

Mō ngā tono whānui, kei ngā kōtaha o te Kuaha Whakapiko Maha-Panel ngā hanganga whakapakari e hiahiatia ana. Ka tutuki i ngā pūnaha hiri EPDM me te paraihe-whakakotahi te whakamarumaru oro 35–50 dB me te mahi wera pai ake. He rite ēnei āhuatanga hangarau ki ngā mea e hiahiatia ana mō te whakaaetanga AAMA, CE, me te ISO i ngā mākete o Amerika Te Raki me tāwāhi.

Tātaritanga Penapena-Wāhi: Ngā Kūaha Retireti vs Ngā Kūaha Whakapiko Maha-Panel

Ngā Tātaitanga Tapuwae Whakawātea

He rite te nui o te wāhi pakitara ki te whānui o te panera o te tatau hei whakatuwhera me te kati i ngā tatau reti. Me whai pakitara 3 mita te taha o tētahi kōhao 3-mita noa hei pupuri i ngā panera, e whakawhāiti ana i te wāhi ka taea te haere ki ngā taonga me te āhua o te whakatūnga o te rūma. Ka taea e ngā reti pōke te karo i tēnei raruraru, engari me whakarerekē te hanganga, ā, he nui ake te utu mō te tāuta.

Mā te whakarārangi i ngā panera kia poutū ki ngā whakatuwheratanga, ka kore e hiahiatia he āputa taha mō ngā tatau takai maha-panera . Ina whakatuwheratia katoatia, ka whakaitihia te hoahoa panera 10 e 6 mita te whānui ki te 600 mm, arā, he 90% te iti iho o te urunga wāhi i ngā tāutanga reti rite. Ko ngā kōwhiringa whakarārangi ko ngā tahora taha-kotahi, taha-rua, taha-kore rānei ka taea te whakarerekē kia rite ki ngā hiahia hoahoa. Mā tēnei ka nui ake te ngāwari o ngā kōwhiringa whakarārangi i ngā kōwhiringa reti.

Tauari Taupānga-Ao-Tuturu

E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau take o ngā kaupapa i ngā painga ka taea te ine i roto i ngā taiao he iti te wāhi. I roto i tētahi whakahoutanga whare noho 450-putu tapawha i roto i te tāone, i whakakapia ngā tatau taupee reti ki tētahi pūnaha Kūaha Whakatakoto Maha-Panui 8-panel. Nā tēnei i wātea ai te 18 putu tapawha o te wāhi papa i whakamahia hei whakawātea i ngā panera. Ka whakamahia e ngā whakahoutanga tari arumoni ngā pakitara whakatakoto hei whakawhiti i ngā rūma hui. Ka taea te whakatakoto i ngā panera kia wehea katoatia hei whakakotahi i ngā rūma, he mea kāore e taea me ngā pakitara reti e pupuri ana i ētahi o ngā pakitara ki runga.

Mā te whakataurite i ngā tau e whakaatu ana he 60% ki te 85% te iti ake o te wāhi e nohoia ana e ngā tatau takai maha-papa i ngā tikanga reti mō te whānui o te whakatuwheratanga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei whai huatanga ka taea e ngā tīma hokohoko e whakahaere ana i ngā whare noho nui, i ngā wāhi pakihi iti rānei te whakapai ake i te hokohoko o aua wāhi me te whakamahi pai i ō rātou mita tapawha whai hua.

Ngā Painga o ngā Kūaha Whakapiko Maha-Panel i tua atu i te Penapena Wāhi

Ngā Āheinga Whirihoranga Maha

Ka taea te whakatika i ngā whakatuwheratanga kāore i te tika, i te rahi rawa rānei mō ngā tikanga reti mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa. Mā ngā rōpū paparanga modular ka taea te whakanoho ki ngā kokonga, te hanga āhua-L, me te hanga whakatuwheratanga whānui atu i te 8 mita. Mā tēnei ngāwari ka āwhina i ngā kaihoahoa ki te whakaaro i ngā whakaaro hou mō ngā whare whakamahi-whakauru, ngā wāhi manaaki manuhiri, me ngā kaupapa kāinga papai e whakamana ana i te herekoretanga hoahoa i ngā paerewa teitei.

Pūngao Whakarei me te Mahi Oro

Ka puta te pai o te wera mai i ngā kōtaha konumohe maha-rūma kua whakauruhia he pakaru wera polyamide. Ina tonoa me te karāhe takitoru, ka heke ngā uara-U ki raro i te 1.8 W/m²K. Mā te tikanga EPDM me te hiri paraihe ka hangaia he rohe kōpeketanga taupatupatu i ngā hononga panera, he pai ake te hiri i te hiri i te hiri tatau reti. E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau motuhake kua tutuki ngā whakatauranga uruhanga hau ki ngā paerewa Akomanga 4, ā, he pai ngā whakatauranga piri wai mō te ua e peia ana e te hau tae atu ki te 4500 Pa, he whakaritenga nui ēnei mō ngā whakamahinga taha moana me ngā whare teitei.

I runga i te momo karaihe e whakamahia ana, ka taea e te wehewehe oro te eke ki te 35–50 dB, e tutuki ai ngā hiahia whakahaere haruru o ngā kaupapa noho tāone i te taha o ngā ara waka. He pai ake ētahi momo karaihe whakakikoruatia ki te aukati i te haruru me te whakapai ake i te haumarutanga mā te kore e pakaru wawe.

Ko nga whakaaro mo te whakauru me te tiaki

Ko te uaua o te tāutanga kei te rahi o te kaupapa. Ka horahia e ngā pūnaha ara whakairi-runga te taumaha o ngā panera ki runga i ngā panera hanganga, nō reira kāore he tūponotanga ka hinga ki runga i te ārai, ka taea tēnei me ngā hoahoa hurihuri-raro. Ko ngā putanga paepae-iti kaha ake ka pupuri i ngā paerewa urunga me te whakahaere i ngā kawenga panera nui. Ko ngā tīma tāutanga ngaio e mōhio ana ki te mahi me ngā pūnaha maha-panera ka taea te whakaoti i ngā whakatūnga kāinga i roto i te 6-8 hāora. Heoi, mō ngā kaupapa pakihi, me whakamahere hangarau i te papaanga.

Ko ngā wāhanga taputapu ā-ahumahi ka whakaiti i ngā hiahia tiaki. Ko te tiaki paerewa ko te whakahinuhinu i ngā roera me ngā inihi i ia toru marama, te tirotiro i ngā hiri kotahi i te tau, me te horoi i te ara o ngā paru. Ko ngā kaihanga e tuku ana i ngā pūtāhui taputapu e 5 ki te 10 tau te roa, ka pena nā te mea e whakapono ana rātou ki te pakari o ngā wāhanga. He mea nui tēnei hei utu mō te huringa ora o ngā kaiwhakahaere hoko e arotake ana i te mahi roa o ngā rawa.

Whakakape: Ko ētahi mehua mahi ka whakawhirinaki ki te whirihoranga o te hua, ā, me tirotirohia ki ngā pūrongo whakamātautau mai i te kaihanga me ngā aromatawai hangarau e pā ana ki te kaupapa.

Ngā Take Whakataurite mō ngā Whakataunga Hoko B2B

Hanganga Utu me ngā Taurangi Whakaritenga

Ko te utu tīmatanga mō ngā pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa he 30–50% teitei ake i tērā o ngā pūnaha tatau reti. Nā te mea he uaua ake te hangarau, ā, he nui ake te utu mō ngā taputapu. Ko te utu mō te tāuta i tētahi tatau reti 3-mita noa kei waenganui i te $1,200 me te $2,000. Ko te utu mō ngā pūnaha takai rite kei waenganui i te $2,500 me te $4,500, i runga i te maha o ngā papa me te momo karāhe e whakamahia ana. Ko ngā kōwhiringa whakaritenga pērā i ngā tae whakaoti, ngā whakapainga taputapu, me ngā rahi kāore i te paerewa ka tāpiri i te 15–25% ki te utu turanga.

Kei reira ngā whai wāhitanga hoko nui mō ngā kaupapa maha-wāhanga, me ngā hekenga rahinga e eke ana ki te 10–15% mō ngā ota neke atu i te 50 ngā wāhanga. Ka mahi tahi ngā mahere utu e āhei ai ngā tuku whakaroa me ngā wātaka hanga, e whakaiti ana i te utu o te putea i ngā kaupapa nui. Hei whakarite i ngā whakatairite tahua tika, me tono ngā tīma hoko mō ngā whakatau tata e whakarārangi ana i ngā whirihoranga panera, ngā tohu taputapu, me ngā kōwhiringa whakaoti.

Paearu Aromatawai Kaituku

He wheako kaweake ā ngā kaiwhakarato pono ka taea te tirotiro, he pūnaha kounga kua whai tiwhikete ISO, me te tautoko hangarau e hiahiatia ana mō te hoko mai i tāwāhi. Ko te roanga o te wā arahi he 25 ki te 30 rā mai i te wā i whakaūngia ai te ota ki te wā e wehe atu ai te pouaka i te tauranga. Mō ngā utu tāpiri, ka taea te whakarite i te hanga tere ake. Me kapi te pūtāhui i ngā wāhanga whakarewa, te kounga o te whakaotinga, me te kaha o te hanganga ki te mau tonu. Me mārama hoki ngā ture mō te whakatika i ngā raruraru me te tuku wāhanga hou ki te kiritaki.

Ka puritia e ngā kamupene rongonui ngā kōnae hangarau pēnei i ngā tuhi CAD, ngā aratohu tāutanga, me ngā pūrongo whakamātautau mahi e hangai ana ki ngā ture hanga whare ā-rohe. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei taputapu ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o tētahi kaupapa mā te tuku i te whanaketanga mahere tika me te mahi tahi pai ake i waenga i ngā kaimahi kirimana. He tino āwhina ngā hononga ki ngā kaiwhakarato e tuku ana i ngā tohutohu hangarau kore utu me te āwhina ki te whakaritenga mō ngā tīma hoko e whakahaere ana i ngā kaupapa nui, uaua rānei.

Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te tatau tika mō ngā hiahia penapena wāhi i roto i ngā whare iti

Te Tautuhi i ngā Tawhā Kaupapa

Ko te tātari i te wāhi te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha tatau tika. Kimihia he aha ngā huinga ka taea mā te ine i te rahi o te whakatuwheratanga, ngā rohe wehewehe i tōna taha, me ngā tauira rere o te waka. Ko ngā pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa te mea pai rawa atu mō ngā kaupapa e hiahia ana kia whānui rawa te whakatuwheratanga. I tētahi atu taha, ka pai pea ngā pūnaha reti mō ngā kaupapa utu nui me te nui o te āputa pakitara. Ka pā te rangi ki ngā whakaritenga mō te karāhe. Hei tauira, me whai wāhi wera me te karaihe toru ngā kaupapa i ngā wāhi makariri hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga waehere pūngao.

Ka pāngia ngā whiringa rauemi me ngā whakaotinga e ngā momo hoahoanga. He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he tirohanga whaiti me ngā panera karāhe nui mō ngā hoahoa hou, ka taea ēnei mā roto i ngā pūnaha whakapiko kōtaha angiangi. Mō te āhua tuku iho, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whakaotinga wehewehe, ngā whakaotinga kōhatu rakau rānei ka taea te whakarite ki te paninga paura.

Tohutohu Taupānga-motuhake

Ngā Kaupapa Noho: He pai ake te mahi a ngā pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa i roto i ngā whare noho iti o ngā tāone nui, i runga i ngā taupee, me te mea he wehewehe rūma. Ka whiwhi ngā kaipupuri whare i te urunga kore here me te nui ake o te māramatanga taiao, he mea kāore e taea me ngā arai reti.

Ngā Whakamahinga Arumoni: Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pakitara takai hei whakanekeneke i ngā rūma hui, ngā pakitara wharekai, me ngā toa hokohoko. Ka taea te whakatuwhera katoa me te raka i ngā panera, e tutuki ai ngā hiahia whakahaere kāore e taea e ngā pūnaha reti.

Ngā Hongere OEM me ngā Kaituku: Mō ngā kaihokohoko rarahi e mahi ana ki ngā momo mākete, he mea nui te whai i tētahi raina hua katoa. Ina tukuna e ngā kaiwhakarato ngā whiringa reti me ngā whiringa takai me ngā paerewa kounga teitei, ka taea e ngā kaihokohoko rarahi te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te whānuitanga o ngā kiritaki mā te hoko mai i te puna kotahi anake.

Anga Tātari Utu-Painga

Tirohia ngā utu mō te wā katoa e nui atu ana i te utu hoko. Ko ngā pūnaha whakapiko e 40% te utu nui ake ka tukuna he pai ake te wāhi, arā, 15–20% te nui ake o te utu reti i ngā mākete utu nui, e nui atu ana i te utu mō ngā utu tīmatanga mā te uara rawa teitei ake. He rite tonu ngā utu tiaki mō ngā pūnaha kounga katoa, ā, he roa ake te ora o te taputapu i runga i te kounga o ngā wāhanga i te momo mīhini e whakamahia ana.

Mā te pai ake o te mahi wera ka penapena pūngao, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu HVAC i roto i ngā wāhi e whakahaerehia ana te āhuarangi mā te 5–8% ia tau. Ka tāpirihia tēnei ki te nui o te uara mō ngā tau 20. Ina ngana ngā tīma hokohoko ki te whakamārama he aha te hiranga o ngā whakaritenga utu nui ki ngā kaipupuri moni, me tatau e rātou te uara kupenga o nāianei o ēnei penapena mahi.

Rauemi Tautoko Hangarau: He whānuitanga o ngā rauemi tautoko e tukuna ana e ngā kaihanga matua, pērā i ngā pepa whakatakotoranga taipitopito, ngā akoranga ataata tāutanga, me ngā tohutohu taahiraa-i-te-taahiraa mō te whakakotahi i ngā mea. Mā te tono i ēnei rauemi i te wā o te tukanga aromatawai a te kaiwhakarato ka whakarite kia whai wāhi te tīma kaupapa ki ngā rauemi e tika ana kia pai ai te whakahaere.

Kia arotahi ki ngā whiringa tuku tere e whakaiti ana i te 30% o ngā utu whakahaere mā te whakamahi pai i ngā ipu, he painga nui tēnei mō te hoko taonga mai i ētahi atu whenua. Kia tino rite ai ngā whiringa whakaritenga a te kaiwhakarato me te tautoko hangarau ki te kaupapa o te kaupapa, pātai atu mō ngā wā arahi me te tautoko hangarau.

Opaniraa

Hei whakamahi pai i te wāhi iti i roto i ngā kāinga me ngā pakihi, me hoahoa ngā pūnaha tatau kia whai hua, kia pai hoki te mahi. He mārama ngā painga o ngā Kūaha Whakapiko Maha-Panel , tae atu ki te kaha ki te whakarārangi i ngā panera kia kiato ake, ngā whānuitanga ka taea te whakarerekē, me te whānui o te whakatuwheratanga kāore e taea e ngā tatau reti. Ahakoa he nui ake te utu i te tīmatanga i ngā pūnaha reti, ko ngā painga o te whakamahi anō i te wāhi, te penapena pūngao, me te kaha ki te urutau ki ngā momo kāhua hanga rerekē ka whai hua te moni tāpiri mō ngā kaupapa he mea nui te mahi me te kounga hoahoa. Ina mahi tahi ngā kaimahi hoko me ngā kaihanga mohio, ka taea e rātou te whiwhi āwhina hangarau, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga tiwhikete, me te tuku pono e hiahiatia ana kia pai ai te haere o ngā kaupapa.

FAQ

He aha ngā rerekētanga matua mō te whai huatanga o te wāhi i waenga i ngā tatau takai me ngā tatau reti?

Ina whakatakotoria ngā panera kia poutū ki ngā whakatuwheratanga, ka iti ake te wāhi papa me te pakitara e nohoia ana e ngā tatau takai maha-panera i te 85–90% i ngā pūnaha reti, e hiahia ana ki te nui o te wāhi i ngā taha ki te whānui o te panera. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te whakatuwhera katoa me ngā kōwhiringa whakanoho taonga e kore e taea e koe te whiwhi me ngā whakaritenga reti.

He pai ngā tatau takai maha-papa mō ngā kaupapa arumoni?

Ka tutuki i ngā hiahia pakari o ngā pakihi ngā pūnaha takai taumaha me ngā kōtaha whakapakari, ngā taputapu ā-ahumahi, me ngā kaha kawenga panera o te 120–150 kg. Mā ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te CE, ISO, me te AAMA ka taea te whakamahi i runga i te tauine nui i roto i ngā wāhi hokohoko, hōtēra, me te mātauranga.

He pēhea te whakataurite i ngā whakaritenga tiaki i waenga i ngā pūnaha e rua?

Me rite tonu te tiaki i ngā pūnaha e rua, pērā i te whakahinuhinu i ngā taputapu i ia toru marama, me te tirotiro i ngā hiri i te tau kotahi. Ina whakamahia ngā wāhanga kounga teitei, kāore te uaua o ngā taputapu tatau takai maha-papa e uaua ake ai te tiaki, ā, he rite tonu ngā wā mahi noa ki ngā pūnaha reti.

He aha ngā kōwhiringa whakaritenga e wātea ana mō ngā pūnaha tatau takai?

E 4–10 ngā whakatakotoranga panera e tukuna ana e ngā kaihanga, he puranga taha kotahi, taha rua rānei, he rerekē ngā momo whakaotinga pēnei i te peita paura me te whakakoi anō, he rerekē ngā momo karāhe mai i ngā wae takirua ki ngā wae takitoru, me ngā momo hoahoa ārai rerekē mai i ngā momo papatahi ki ngā momo iti e wātea ana.

Te mahi tahi me Haolv Building Materials mō ngā otinga tatau whakapiko maha-papa matatau

Kua 18 tau a Haolv Building Materials e hanga ana i ngā hua motuhake, ā, ka taea e rātou te āwhina i ngā tīma hoko ki te kimi i ngā kaiwhakarato tatau whakapiko maha-papa e pono ana. Kua whakamanahia ā mātou whare hanga e ISO, ā, e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha huihuinga aunoa me te miihini CNC tika hei hanga i ngā pūnaha whakapiko taumaha ka taea te tautoko i ngā whirihoranga me ngā papa 4 ki te 10. Kei roto i ia pūnaha ngā mōhiohio hangarau katoa e hiahiatia ana, pērā i ngā pepa whakatakotoranga, ngā ataata tāutanga, me ngā pukapuka ā-whakakotahi. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te mahi tahi a ngā kaimahi kirimana.

He tohunga mātou ki ngā whakaritenga tuku kaipuke knock-down e whakaiti ana i ngā utu whakahaere tae atu ki te 30% mā te whakamahi pai i ngā ipu, he penapena nui tēnei ina hoko taonga mai i ētahi atu whenua. Ko ngā whakaotinga paura-paninga me te anodized, ngā kōtaha pakaru wera, me ngā kōwhiringa karaihe e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa NFRC me AAMA, he mea katoa ēnei ka taea te whakarite. I roto i te huringa ora o tētahi kaupapa, ka tukuna e tā mātou tīma hangarau he kōrero hangarau kore utu, ka āwhina i te whakaritenga tuhi CAD, ā, ka āwhina i te hoahoa otinga.

Whakapā atu ki ā mātou tohunga hoko i kristin@haolvwindows.com ki te tono utu taipitopito, tauira hua, me te tautoko hangarau motuhake mō te kaupapa. Tirohia me pēhea e taea ai e ā mātou pūnaha tatau takai maha-papa te whakarerekē i ngā kaupapa e whakawhāitihia ana e te rohe mā te mahi kua whakamātauhia me te whanaungatanga pono.

Tohutoro

1. Te Rōpū Kaihanga Whare o Amerika. (2021). AAMA 920-19: Te Mahi Hanganga o ngā Pūnaha Pakitara Whakahaere. Schaumburg: AAMA Publications.

2. Carmody, J., Selkowitz, S., & Heschong, L. (2004). Ngā Matapihi Noho: He Aratohu ki ngā Hangarau Hou me te Mahi Pūngao (putanga 3). New York: WW Norton & Company.

3. Te Kaunihera Whakatauranga Taiepa ā-Motu. (2020). NFRC 100-2020: Tukanga mō te Whakatau i ngā U-tauwehe Hua Taiepa. Greenbelt: Ngā Whakaputanga Hangarau NFRC.

4. Patterson, MR (2018). Ngā Pūnaha Karaehe Hanganga: Ngā Paerewa Hoahoa me te Mahi. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 24(3), 45-58.

5. Thompson, RK, & Williams, DA (2019). Te Arotau i te Wāhi i roto i te Hanga Whare Noho Kiato-Teitei. Arotake Pūtaiao Hanga, 41(2), 112-127.

6. Zhang, H., & Morrison, J. (2022). Te Tātari Mahi Wera o ngā Pūnaha Kūaha Maha-Panui i roto i ngā Mahi Arumoni. Pūngao me ngā Whare, 256, 103-118.